Wash uncooked pearl barly well in runing cold water. Chop carrots and mushrooms in big chunks, chop inion finely and leeks ento big round slices.
Press SAUTE mode on the instant pot, once it is hot enough, add a teaspoon of olive oil. Tip in the crushed garlic, finely chopped red or white onion and saute until onions turn transparent. Make sure the garlic does not stick to the bottom, keep scrapping out any burnt food particles from time to time.
Add 1 chopped carrot, 1 sliced leek and cook for 2 minutes until the vegetable turns tender.
Add chopped mushrooms, sprinkle salt and pepper, cook for a minute or so until all the vegetables are slightly tender. Make sure not to overcook the vegetables as they get cooked along with barley.
Add in ¾ cup washed uncooked pearl barley grains,spices, mix well and saute for 2 more minutes making sure you scrape off any sticky food at the bottom. the bottom of the pan should be clear of any sticky food else you will get a burn warning
Add 4 cups vegetable stock. If you want the soup to be runnier, add an additional 2 cups of water. You can always thicken the soup even if there is more excess liquid left. Cancel SAUTE mode and close the lid, turn the valve to the sealing side. Press PRESSURE COOK and set the timer to 20 minutes.
Once the cooking is done, allow for at least 10 minutes before releasing the pressure manually. or you can let the pressure release naturally. If you think the soup is not your desired consistency, add water if required, press saute mode and cook for a further few minutes.
Add in greens like spinach or kale and let the soup rest for 5 minutes.Season with more salt and pepper if required, serve hot.